The agency’s administrator said in a podcast that the move would be “the largest deregulatory action in the history of America.”
According to two people familiar with the draft, it would eliminate the bedrock scientific finding that greenhouse-gas emissions threaten human life by dangerously warming the planet.
The Chinese government is taking steps to rein in what it calls “involution,” or excessive competition that is hurting local companies and fueling the country’s deflationary spiral.
Beijing will now require government licenses for any effort to transfer abroad the technologies crucial for producing inexpensive electric cars.
For 50 years, automakers have had to increase the fuel efficiency of their vehicles or pay fines. The Republican megabill would set those penalties to $0.
Ford Motor said it would open a new plant in Michigan that could become ineligible for federal incentives under a policy bill championed by President Trump and passed by the House.
The vehicles will have safety monitors and may not operate in bad weather, making them more restricted than the fully autonomous vehicles promised by Elon Musk.
The 7-to-2 decision stressed that it did not address the merits of the dispute, and concerned only whether the producers had standing to sue.
Mr. Musk says the driverless taxis could begin ferrying passengers on Sunday in Austin, Texas, where other companies already have similar cars on the road.
Battery companies are slowing construction or reconsidering big investments in the United States because of tariffs on China and the proposed rollback of tax credits.