More technology and creature comforts, as well as a parade of new electric vehicles, have complicated the job after accidents.
Ford, General Motors and others are striking deals with mining companies to avoid raw material shortages that could thwart their electric vehicle ambitions.
Deals with Ford and G.M. will make it easier to find a charger but could give Elon Musk control of critical infrastructure.
The money will help finance three plants the automaker and its partner, SK On, are building in Kentucky and Tennessee.
The electric car company, which operates the country’s most extensive charging network, struck a similar deal with Ford Motor recently.
Passenger cars dominate the electric vehicle market, but light delivery trucks could benefit from the cost savings and range E.V.s offer.
Sales increased from a year earlier, when the automaker was hampered by parts shortages.
Automakers are pouring money into research and development facilities, creating spaces intended for creativity and collaboration among design and engineering teams.
Buying an electric car has become much more complicated because of restrictions on which models qualify for a federal tax credit of up to $7,500.
Rules that take effect on Tuesday will limit the $7,500 credits to electric cars made domestically with minerals from the U.S. or trade allies.