The automaker sold 483,688 vehicles in the United States in the second quarter.
Regulators said 1 percent of the vehicles recalled could have the defect. The products affected include 1.7 million Escape S.U.V.s.
NHTSA will take a broad look at whether the electric carmaker’s driver-assistance system can increase the risk of crashes.
The automaker, which owns Jeep and Ram, is seeking to catch up in a global race to build electric cars and trucks.
The General Motors chief says efficiencies, innovations and learning from mistakes will allow her company to become a leader in electric vehicles.
The automaker reported an 11 percent jump in revenue for the first three months of the year compared with a year earlier.
Deliveries of the F-150 Lightning, Ford’s most important new vehicle in many years, will begin in the coming week, it said.
Ford’s chief executive is about to introduce an electric F-150 pickup truck that could determine whether the automaker can survive and thrive in an industry dominated by Tesla.
The company struggled to produce vehicles in the first three months of the year, a sign that shortages could last longer than executives had hoped.
The automaker, which was created by the merger of Fiat Chrysler and Peugeot, has lagged in the fast-growing market for electric cars.